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Biom
Bolcek, Roman ; Tholt, Tomáš (referee) ; Vítek, Jiří (advisor)
Our planet has been facing enormous challenges over the last century, caused by population growth, an ever-evolving industry, resulting in ever-increasing CO2 production, rising water levels, misuse of agricultural land and the extinction of animal species. This causes the destruction of the Biome. Architectural and urban tendencies in the construction of cities, which do not change even today, use the maximum area, materials that cannot be recycled, also have a large share in this. Insufficient use of renewable resources, modern agriculture, self-sufficiency, both housing and urban structures. The reason for not using these technologies is largely a political and commercial problem. The aim of this work is to examine the problems we face today and find meaningful solutions. Change existing architectural and urban trends. To create a self-sufficient structure in places where Biomes were destroyed and to create new ones accordingly. These places often have poor living conditions, such as high temperatures, lack of drinking water and overcrowding. With the help of simple rules of working with the landscape and the use of modern technology, create a new biosphere environment, change the climatic conditions in a given place and create suitable conditions for the life of both plant and animal communities. The structure should be inhabited by a certain number of people who will live in modules that will be fully self-sufficient, following the ISS model. Provide plenty of drinking water, food and energy. The structure should be created from plastic waste by new construction technologies, such as 3D printing using nanotechnology and carbon fiber. This should make it fully recyclable and renewable. The goal is to work with one structure and subsequently create another structure.
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Renewable energy sources in the region of the North Moravia
Mazák, Tomáš ; Hrnčířová, Michaela (referee) ; Pospíšil, Jiří (advisor)
The content of this work is to search an overview of basic types of renewable resources in the region of the north Moravia, respectively in the Olomouc region. In this work, are clearly described the main sources that are used in our country, especially the potential of photovoltaic systems, wind energy, water energy and biomass. For each type of renewable source is depicted a principle and the possibility to use just in the region of the north Moravia. In addition, specific applications are described in the Olomouc region, using these energy potentials.
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Study the possibility of using recycled aggregate concrete for the manufacture of structural concrete
Skriňáková, Eva ; Stehlík, Dušan (referee) ; Hela, Rudolf (advisor)
This bachelor's thesis is aimed on the issues of using aggregate from recycled concrete rubble. The introduction describes the possibilities of concrete recycling and methods for fresh and hardened composite recycling. Next mentioned are physical and mechanical properties of recycled aggregate reused in concrete and comparison with natural aggregate concrete. Last part of theoretical section presents the opportunities of using recycled concrete to sub-base layers and concrete pavements. The practical section is focused on the application of recycled concrete aggregate to design concrete mixture of required strength class and verifying the possibility of usage in the exposure class XF3 and also design hydraulically bound course. The results of the practical section is to determine the suitability of recycled concrete usage for concept mentioned above.
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Posouzení stavu lesů a principů lesního hospodářství v zemích na území Karpat
Sklář, Petr
This bachelor thesis deals with the assessment of the condition of forests and the principles of forest management in the countries of the Carpathian Mountains. The thesis describes the climatic conditions, historical development and natural conditions of the region. Furthermore, is described in detail the state and level of forest management in each country and the factors or negative phenomena causing the disappearance or degradation of forests. The thesis concludes with a comparison of the forest management of each country regarding the principles of sustainable management and identifies the risks and opportunities for forest management development. The aim of this thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview of the state and level of forest management in the countries of the Carpathian region and to offer opportunities for its further development.
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Causes of Civil Wars: The Influence of Natural Resurces Extractive Technologies on the Probability of Civil War Outbreak
Klosek, Kamil ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This study aimed to provide more general knowledge about the mechanisms which link natural resources with civil war outbreaks. The theoretical point of departure was the feasibility hypothesis hypothesis of Collier et al. (2009) in which the authors state that the paramount interest of researchers of civil wars should be directed at the structural conditions within a country. One of their assertions pertained to the role of natural resources. Those provide a potential revenue source for insurgents to finance their rebellion. Hence, the higher the dependence of a state on natural resource exports, the higher should be the probability of civil war outbreak. However, this account was heavily criticized by other researchers. Some claimed that the conceptualization of the Primary Commodity Exports (PCE) variable does not cover relevant natural resources (Fearon 2005), others pointed at the problem of reversed causality and endogeneity (Gleditsch 1998) and also others stressed to differentiate between different natural resources according to their proneness to be looted by rebels (Ross 2003). In order to address these problems, a new variable was conceptualized. The "extraction feasibility" variable measures the degree of extractability of a particular resource. It is composed of two notions, namely...
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Irradiation of the population from natural sources
UHLÍŘOVÁ, Daniela
Natural sources of radiation cause much higher exposure than artificial sources and can come in many forms. Natural sources of ionizing radiation are cosmic rays and natural radionuclides. Radon accounts for the largest percentage of the population's exposure. In the Czech Republic, radon occurs to a large extent, and because of this, we are among the countries with the largest volumetric activity of radon. The aim of the submitted bachelor's thesis was to find out and compare the awareness of the population in the area of natural sources of ionizing radiation in selected localities with high and low incidence of radon, namely Příbramsko and Mostecko. The theoretical part contains knowledge about radioactivity, biological effects of ionizing radiation, natural sources of ionizing radiation and quantities associated with ionizing radiation. A section is also devoted to the radon issue, health complications associated with radon and the radon program, which summarizes anti-radon measures. In the research part, the results of the questionnaire survey are summarized using graphs. These results are further processed using statistical methods, thanks to which both given hypotheses were confirmed. The first hypothesis examined whether the total awareness of the population would reach at least 70%, which was confirmed using a one-sample t-test. The second hypothesis related to the comparison of the knowledge of the population in the area of natural sources of ionizing radiation in people living in a locality with a higher incidence of radon and in people living in a locality with a lower incidence of radon, where the awareness of people in localities with a higher incidence of radon should be considerably higher. The hypothesis was confirmed using a two-sample t-test.
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Living things in preprimary environmental education.
KUDRNOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor thesis points out the importance of environmental education in preschool education. The thesis introduces the methods and means of environmental education and maps the importance of the use of natural resources. Through observations and small experiments with natural resourses, it proves its positive effect on children's knowledge. The offered methodology shows a comparison of environmental and multimedia education and their impact on the child's perception. Interviews with teachers show a partial goal of the thesis, namely the proposal of an educational program that includes more frequent use of natural resources in the education of preschool children.
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Slow Life: Slow Living in the Fast Age
KRATOCHVÍL ŠMAJCLOVÁ, Kateřina
The basic topic of this Bachelor thesis is the introduction of the concept of so-called slow living. The main starting point of this lifestyle is the principle of sustainability and general consideration for other members of society, as well as for the environment and limited natural resources. The concept of Slow defines itself against the accelerating life, the hunger of consumer society, and the unnecessary accumulation of material things that are unnecessary for life. This concept tries to show that a people can be happy with little material things, even more so if their behavior does not contribute to the production of low-quality products, mishandling of the human workforce, and the production of other unnecessary waste. In addition to introduction with the motives for a slow life approach, in the next few chapters we will be focused mainly on the topic of food and clothing, but we will focus on them with a different perspective than we usually look at in these topics. We will be interested in their fast and many criticized variants, and then we will imagine their slower opposites. On many pages we will be dealing with a slow-lifer, which is a model supporter of this approach to life, thanks to which we will be able to imagine better specific situations that a fan of a slower life-style deals with every day. The price and quality of products, as well as the origin of their creation, will also be a big topic in this thesis, because the requirement of fair dealing and transparency of production is characteristic of the slow concept. So we will be accompanied by questions such as - Do I really need this thing? And if so, is it necessary to buy it, or can I get it differently? How much have I been influenced by an commercial that says chosen product meets my criteria and expectations, and is it really so? The following pages will help us answer all of this.
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Analysis of the Influence of Presence of Natural Resources on Civil Wars in Sub-Saharan Africa
Sniehotta, Michal ; Buben, Radek (advisor) ; Drahokoupil, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis analyzes the issue of the influence of presence of natural resources on civil wars in Sub-Saharan Africa. Its purpose is to analyze in detail the possible consequences of natural resources on these conflicts in the area in question. The thesis comprises three main parts. The first theoretical part starts with the introduction of the main theoretical concepts (the "theory" of the curse of natural resources and the concept of a rentier state), which presume the existence of a causal relation between the occurrence of natural resources and negative, mainly development-related, consequences in countries that are dependent on them. Subsequently it described selected economic, social, and institutional undesirable phenomena associated with the presence of natural resources. Professional literature, for instance, often mentions the possible connection between primary commodities and civil wars. In this respect the initial part of the thesis is concluded with a presentation of theoretical explanations of the relation between these two variables. It presents expert views of natural resources as a possible cause of civil wars, potential source of finances, and a factor influencing the duration, the way of waging, and other features of civil wars. It also includes an analysis of the influence of...
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Natural sources and sinks of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons in the spruce forest ecosystem
Štangelová, Pavla ; Tesařová, Eva (advisor) ; Pavlík, Milan (referee)
Biogeochemical cycle of chlorine, particularly the formation of organically bound chlorine is still not well understood. In continental ecosystems chlorides act as source of chlorine, and also as a stress factor. Chlorides originate from precipitation of marine cloud masses. Organically bound chlorine in the environment is formed naturally by biotical and abiotical way. The biotical factors are microorganisms, plants, soil enzymes and animals. Volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons (VOCl) represent one group of organically bound chlorines. Several volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons reacts with atmospheric ozone, consequently causing depletion of the ozone layer. The most important known terrestrial source of volatile chlorinated hydrocarbons is the spruce forest ecosystem. Chlorine in the soil can be transformed by microorganisms into organically bound chlorine or translocated by transpiration stream in plants, where they are also transformed enzymatically into organically bound chlorine, and both of them can be emitted into the atmosphere. Too large amounts of chloride can affect the physiological functions of plants. In this thesis experiments were designed for measuring the natural emissions of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons from plants and fungi, with various periods of incubation, and also to...
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